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Nicolas Baudin
Nicolas-Thomas Baudin (17 February 1754 – 16 September 1803) was a French explorer, cartographer, naturalist and hydrographer.
== Biography ==
Baudin was born a commoner in Saint-Martin-de-Ré on the Île de Ré. At the age of 15 he joined the merchant navy, and at 20 joined the French East India Company. He then joined the French navy and served in the Caribbean as an officer bleu during the American War of Independence.
In 1785 Baudin was captain of the ''Caroline'' taking Acadian settlers from Nantes to New Orleans.〔Carl A. Brasseaux, ''The Founding of New Acadia: The Beginnings of Acadian Life in Louisiana, 1765-1803,'' Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University Press, 1987, p109; William Dawson Gerrior, ''Acadian Awakenings: Louisiana,'' Port Royal Pub., 2003, pp.73, 104;
Madeleine Ly-Tio-Fane, ''Le Géographe et le Naturaliste à l'île-de-France: ultime escale du capitaine Baudin,'' Port-Louis, Ile Maurice, 2003, p.33.〕 In New Orleans he was contracted by local merchants to take a cargo of wood, salted meat, cod and flour to Isle de France (now Mauritius), which he did in the ''Josephine'' (also called ''Pepita''), departing New Orleans on 14 July 1786 and arriving at Isle de France on 27 March 1787. In the course of the voyage, the ''Josephine'' had called at Cap Francais in Haiti to make a contract to transport slaves there from Madagascar; while there he also encountered the Austrian botanist Franz Josef Maerter, who apparently informed him that another Austrian botanist, Franz Boos, was at the Cape of Good Hope awaiting a ship to take him to Mauritius. The ''Josephine'' called at the Cape and took Boos on board.〔David K. Wetherbee, ''Further Contributions to the History of Zoology in Hispaniola,'' Shelburne, Massachusetts, 1987.〕 At Mauritius, Boos chartered Baudin to transport him and the collection of plant specimens he had gathered there and at the Cape back to Europe, which Baudin did, the ''Josephine'' arriving at Trieste on 18 June 1788.〔Sébastien Brunner (ed.), ''Correspondances intimes de l'Empereur Joseph II avec son ami le comte de Cobenzl et son premier ministre le prince de Kaunitz,'' Mainz, Kirchheim, 1871, p.75.〕 The Imperial government was contemplating organizing another natural history expedition, to which Boos would be appointed, in which two ships would be sent to the Malabar and Coromandel coasts of India, the Persian Gulf, Bengal, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Cochin China, Tongking, Japan and China. Baudin had been given reason to hope that he would be given command of the ships of this expedition.〔Madeleine Ly-Tio-Fane, ''Le ''Géographe'' et le ''Naturaliste'' à l'île-de-France 1801, 1803 : ultime escale du capitaine Baudin,'' Port-Louis, Ile Maurice, 2003, pp.50-51; Sébastien Brunner (ed.), ''Correspondances intimes de l'Empereur Joseph II avec son Ami le Comte de Cobenzl et son Premier Ministre le Prince de Kaunitz,'' Mainz, Kirchheim, 1871, p.75.〕
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